What is the difference between Nil Rated, Zero Rated and Exempt supplies?

There is a confusion among taxpayers as to what is the difference between Nil Rated, Zero Rated, and Exempt supplies?

Answer - The difference between the three terms can be drawn in the following manner:

  1. Nil Rated Supply -  Nil rated supply is the supply which is chargeable to nil rate of tax or 0% of tax. So goods or service which are said to be covered under nil rated supply are the ones which are chargeable to 0% GST.
  2. Zero Rated Supply - There is a common understanding that supplies liable to 0% tax rate are the zero rated supplies which is wrong.  In GST, Zero rated supplies are the ones which are executed under Section 16 of the IGST Act. It includes :
    • Export of goods or services or both
    • Supply of goods or services or both to a SEZ developer or SEZ Unit
  3. Exempt Supplies - Exempt supplies are the supplies which are wholly exempt from tax under GST Act. Exempt supplies also include Nil rated supplies. 

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